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      Excel 宏教程：个人宏工作簿
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        <p><a href="/study-excel/excel-macro-basics/">之前学习了宏基础知识</a>，对宏有了基本的认识。此外，还看到了宏在很多问题上，如果合理录制并使用，可以极大提升工作效率。</p>
<p>前面铺垫了那么多，今天的文章介绍可以发挥宏强大功能的一个神器——个人宏工作簿。</p>
<h2 id="宏的保存位置"><a href="#宏的保存位置" class="headerlink" title="宏的保存位置"></a>宏的保存位置</h2><p>要让宏运行并完成指定操作，首先需要把宏存储到一个位置，否则宏无法凭空出现并运行。每次开始录制宏前，Excel 会让你选择宏保存位置，包括当前工作簿、新工作簿和个人宏工作簿。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_31db9b35baa1c6766b36a106a306974c.png"></p>
<p><strong>保存在当前工作簿或新工作簿</strong>，宏只会指定工作簿中使用。关闭保存宏的工作簿后，其他工作簿就无法运行其中保存的宏。这种方式适合一些项目级的宏，不需要在其他工作簿上运行。</p>
<p><strong>保存在个人宏工作簿</strong>，宏会在任意打开的工作簿中均可以使用。可以说，一次录制，处处可用。这种方式适合一些通用性质的宏，要求在所有的工作簿上运行。对大多数录制的宏而言，这种方式是首选。</p>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="宏保存到个人宏工作簿"><a href="#宏保存到个人宏工作簿" class="headerlink" title="宏保存到个人宏工作簿"></a>宏保存到个人宏工作簿</h2><p>前面说到了个人宏工作簿是保存宏的首选位置，那么如何可以把录制的宏保存到个人宏工作簿呢？</p>
<p>方法很简单，只需在录制宏前，从保存位置选项中，选择个人宏工作簿即可。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_7714761ceeeb17529196d716b7dd4ab5.png"></p>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="个人宏工作簿的原理和特点"><a href="#个人宏工作簿的原理和特点" class="headerlink" title="个人宏工作簿的原理和特点"></a>个人宏工作簿的原理和特点</h2><p>个人宏工作簿会随第一个工作簿一起被打开，那之后只要有工作簿在打开状态，个人宏工作簿也不会被关闭，可以随时使用其中包含的宏。</p>
<p>个人宏工作簿打开时，会被自动设置为隐藏状态。因此在使用时不会干扰用户的正常使用。</p>
<p>结合上一原理看，因为只要打开任意的工作簿，个人宏工作簿就会被打开。因此，个人宏工作簿上的宏可以跨工作簿使用，极其方便。</p>
<p>任意时间任意工作簿均可管理个人宏工作簿上的宏。详细介绍请看下一节。</p>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="管理个人宏工作簿"><a href="#管理个人宏工作簿" class="headerlink" title="管理个人宏工作簿"></a>管理个人宏工作簿</h2><p>根据个上一节描述的特点，在任意打开的工作簿上都可以管理个人宏工作簿上的宏。</p>
<p><strong>第一步</strong>，打开宏管理菜单。功能区 → 开发工具 → 代码 → 宏。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_3426d20287d7997c6dc95004154f319d.png"></p>
<p><strong>第二步</strong>，选择位置为「PERSONAL.XLSB」，即个人宏工作簿。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_1032d33c65062282a3c111c284e27b07.png"></p>
<p>通过以上步骤，即可对个人宏工作簿上的所有宏进行管理，包括执行、单步执行、编辑、创建、删除和设置选项。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_e11a8f554911f8f23d08b2d42a062381.png"></p>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="个人宏工作簿实战"><a href="#个人宏工作簿实战" class="headerlink" title="个人宏工作簿实战"></a>个人宏工作簿实战</h2><p>前面我们了解了个人宏工作簿的原理特点，下面通过规范不规则日期数据的实例，彻底掌握个人宏工作簿的使用。</p>
<p>现在有以下几种常见不规则的日期数据，我们使用分列功能将其转换为标准日期格式，并同时录制下来，保存到个人宏工作簿。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_16d038500c654d38ef8cc0b59f2ea0ec.png"></p>
<p><strong>第一步</strong>，选中转换的区域。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_6df159a45d40b6ac0f5a2d19781d6cd7.png"></p>
<p><strong>第二步</strong>，因为转换的区域可能不在相同的位置，因此使用相对引用方式，点击「使用相对引用」，使其在选中状态。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_acf96c85fbfb4467b5f8303cc5bbaec3.png"></p>
<p><strong>第三步</strong>，点击「录制宏」命令，在弹出的宏菜单中：①输入宏明，②（如需要，指定快捷键），③在保存在选项中选择「个人宏工作簿」，④输入宏说明。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_40d858acb383775ca018b23052c0d92b.png"></p>
<p><strong>第四步</strong>，使用分列功能，将选中区域转换为标准日期格式。步骤如下：</p>
<ol>
<li>在功能区→数据→数据工具，点击分列命令，弹出分列菜单。</li>
<li>点击 2 次「下一步」，直接到分列的第三步。</li>
<li>在「列数据格式」中，选中「日期」，点击「完成」结束。</li>
</ol>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_e1076f1bdbba7933b3b17e6b524ba967.png"></p>
<p><strong>第四步</strong>，转到开发工具，点击「停止录制」完成宏的录制。</p>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_dc63a96f6c116e6009fbeb893c89afa0.png"></p>
<p>这样宏就录制完了。如果想在其他区域使用此宏，按如下步骤进行：</p>
<ol>
<li>选中你要转换的区域</li>
<li>功能区→开发工具，打开宏管理菜单，其中位置选择「PERSONAL.XLSB」</li>
<li>在宏列表中，选中宏，点击右侧「执行」按钮。</li>
</ol>
<p><img src="https://university-oss-2022.oss-cn-guangzhou.aliyuncs.com/easyexcel/uploads/im_c52fe53c3a641d3460555b5f5c66ad9e.gif"></p>
<p> </p>
<h2 id="总结"><a href="#总结" class="headerlink" title="总结"></a>总结</h2><p>可以看到，个人宏工作簿是保存通用宏的最佳位置，无论是保存、管理还是运行，都相当简单。如果合理使用，可以将工作中的大部分重复、频繁的操作，录制成宏，并保存在个人宏工作簿，可以节省相当一部分时间。</p>
<p>关于宏的下一篇文章，我们将讨论「如何快速运行宏」这一主题，并介绍 3 种方法，进一步提升效率。在那之前，大家可以根据自己的工作内容，尝试把常用重复的操作，录制宏，并开始用起来。</p>

      
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